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Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Virtues of reading Qur'an
- Etiquettes of Qur'an
- Alphabet
- Four Forms
- Fathah
- Kasrah
- Dhammah
- Two Fathah
- Two Kasrah
- Two Dhammah
- Introduction to Tajweed
- Sukun
- QalQalah
- Fathah + Ya Sukun
- Fathah + Wa Sukun
- Shaddah
- Introduction to Gunnah
- Long Fathah
- Fathah + Alif
- Long Kasrah
- Kasrah + Ya Sukun
- Long Dhammah
- Dhammah + Wa Sukun
- Introduction to Madd
- Signs of Madd
- Muqata'aat Letters
- Shamsi & Qamari Letters
- Small Nuun
- Punctuation
- The letter Raw
- Laam in the word "Allah"
- Ta Marbutah
- Hamzah
- Practice Reading
- Advanced Tajweed
- Makhaarij
- Sifat
- Madd
- Madd followed by Hamzah
- Madd followed by Sukun
- Others Madd
- Gunnah
- Meem Sakin
- Nuun Sakin & Tanween
- Idhghaam
- Modes of Recitation
- Miscellaneous
- Glossary
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You are here: BDIslam Home > Learn Quran > Lesson 26 : Shamsi & Qamari Letters
Lesson 26 : Rules of the Definite Article
the Arabic letters ال means 'The' in English
The 1st letter of the word that follows would determine the pronunciation depending on whether it is a sun or moon letter
Out of the 28 Arabic Alphabet there are 14 of the letters are known as lunar (moon) letters. These are :
ء ب ج ح خ ع غ
ف ق ك م ه و ي
and there are 14 of the letters are known as solar (sun) letters. These are :
ت ث د ذ ر ز س
ش ص ض ط ظ ل ن
Note: To hear the interactive sound, please use “Internet Explore”. Our interactive sound may not compatible with other browsers such as Mozilla FireFox. Sounds are taken from quranicsciences.com
Rule # 1 : The Sun Letter If ال followed by a Sun letter
a. the letter alif of the ال is assimilated with the sun letter
b. the letter laam of the ال is ignored
c. the sun letter carries a shaddah
| شَمْسٌ | Sun | |||
| اَلْ | The | |||
| اَلْ | + | شَمْسٌ | = | اَلشَّمْسُ |
| The | + | Sun | = | The Sun |
This is pronounced as 'ash-shams' and not 'al-shams'
d. If you want to join the preceding word onto the ال word, then you ignore the ال completely
| وَالشَّمْسِ | وَاصُّبْحِ |
| بِالصَّبْرِ | وَالشَّفْعِ |
| وَالتِّيْنِ | وَالصَّيْفِ |
Rule # 2 : The Lunar (Moon) Letter If ال followed by a Sun letter
a. the l ال is pronounced
b. If you want to join the preceding word onto the ? ال word, then you only ignore the letter alif of ال completely
| فَاِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ | وَالَّيْلِ |
| اَلْمُدَّثِّرُ | لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ |
| اِنَّ الَّذِينَ | اَلْمُزَّمِّلُ |
| فَعَّالٌُ لِّمَا يُرِيْدُ | اِلاَّ اَلَّذِيْنَ |
Please Click here to view a printable chart depicting the solar and lunar letters.
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